The Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Armenian: Հայ Յեղափոխական Դաշնակցութիւն, ՀՅԴ (classical spelling),[a] abbr. ARF or ARF-D) also known as Dashnaktsutyun[b] (collectively referred to as Dashnaks for short), is an Armenian nationalist and socialist political party[26][27][28][29] founded in 1890 in Tiflis, Russian Empire (now Tbilisi, Georgia) by Christapor Mikaelian, Stepan Zorian, and Simon Zavarian.